Co-designed unguided internet cognitive behaviour therapy for grief in adolescence: a pilot randomised controlled trial.
Egan SJ., Pauley-Gadd SB., Callaghan T., O'Brien A., Greene D., Bills E., Raghav S., Payne N., Myers B., Hall C., Wilson H., Eisma MC., Boelen PA., Smith KV., Wild J., Duffy M., Trickey D., Breen LJ.
This pilot trial aimed to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of co-designed unguided internet CBT for grief. Efficacy was assessed for anxiety (primary outcome), well-being, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and prolonged grief (secondary outcomes), relative to four-week wait-list control. There were 88 participants, M age = 16.95 years, SD = 1.45, who had experienced the death of a person (n = 72; 81.82%) or other loss (e.g. parental divorce; n = 16; 18.81%). Participants were randomised to intervention (n = 49; 55.68%), or waitlist control (n = 39; 44.31%). Outcome measures included the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale, Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale Revised, Children's Revised Impact of Events Scale, and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Findings suggest good feasibility, with acceptable recruitment and attrition (n = 9; 18.37% of 49 intervention participants at post-intervention). While no differences in anxiety, depression, PTSD, or prolonged grief were observed between intervention and waitlist control post-intervention, there was a significant small between groups effect on well-being in favour of intervention. There was a significant within group reduction for intervention participants in anxiety, depression and PTSD at follow-up. Acceptability was high, 97% (n = 33 of 34 completers) liked the program, however uptake was moderate.Trial Registration: The trial was registered on 26 March 2024 with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12624000337572).