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Neural processing is often categorized as externally or internally focused. Though commonly treated as poles of a single dimension, we delineate how the terms 'external' and 'internal' refer to independent concepts at the levels of cognitive modes, representational contents, and sensory origins. Separating these levels brings theoretical clarity and opens unexplored questions.

More information Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.tins.2025.10.001

Type

Journal article

Publication Date

2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

Volume

49

Pages

5 - 7

Total pages

2

Keywords

attention, cognitive modes, interoception, memory, mind wandering, perception, Humans, Brain, Cognition, Animals