Intergroup Conflict, Peace, and Reconciliation

This chapter discusses the framework of conflict and peace, which distinguishes between different phases within a cycle of violence. These are nonviolent intergroup conflict, organized intergroup violence, and postviolence. Different problem analyses and intervention strategies are required depending on the phase of a conflict. Conflict analysis aims to map systematically the sources of conflict, the actors directly or indirectly involved, mutual relationships between these actors, and dynamic processes in the conflict such as feedback loops. Once a conflict is analyzed or assessed, the next step is to decide on the approach that should be taken to help achieve peaceful coexistence. The chapter considers three approaches: conflict management, conflict resolution, and conflict transformation. To prevent the outbreak of renewed violence and build a stable and lasting peace, there is a need to work toward reconciliation. There are many approaches to reconciliation including instrumental and socioemotional reconciliation.